Friday, May 14, 2010

Neural and chemical controls of blood pressure?

Neural controls include the sympathetic and parasympathetic inputs. Parasympathetic especially coming from the 10th cranial nerve (vagus). if the heart wasnt innervated by that nerve the heart would speed up to 100bpm. hormones include ADH released by the pituitary which tells the kidneys to conserve water, raising the blood volume and making the heart pump harder. Epinephrine can also have dilating or constricting effects depending on what kind of receptor it binds one. Angiotensin II is also another hormone that can have an impact on bp as it is a potent vasoconstrictor. however this is released after renin is released by the kidneys which happens after it gets sympathetic input. Angiotensin II can also simulate the release of aldosterone from the adrenal cortex, which results in salt retention and further water retention as well.

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